Treatments

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is an inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. In its early stage, called gingivitis, the gums become swollen, red, and may bleed. In its more serious form, called periodontitis, the gums can pull away from the tooth, which is known as "pockets", bone can be lost, and the teeth may loosen.  Periodontal disease is generally due to bacteria in the mouth infecting the tissue around the teeth.

The most common risk factors associated with periodontitis include:

• Poor brushing and flossing habits, which leads to plaque and tartar buildup
• Smoking or chewing tobacco long-term
• Poor nutrition, such as eating sugary foods and drinks often
• Some blood pressure, heart disease, cardiovascular, bacterial pneumonia, seizure, or immunosuppressant medications
• Misaligned teeth, which makes the plaque and calculus more difficult to remove
• Family history of periodontitis
• Long-term stress, which causes inflammation

Symptoms of periodontitis range from mild to extreme and can include:

• Red and swollen gums
• Inflammation below or around the gums
• Gums that bleed on probing (such as flossing)
• Loose teeth or gums that pull away from the teeth
• Bad breath, even after brushing
• Pus between the teeth and gums
• Sudden teeth misalignment or an incorrect bite